How Do Automatic Doors "Think"? Decoding the Core Technologies Behind Door Controllers
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Automatic doors seem effortless in operation, but their intelligence stems from sophisticated control systems. As an OEM specialist in industrial PCBA, we dissect the technological "brain" behind these systems—revealing how sensor fusion, real-time decision-making, and precision actuation work in harmony.
1. The "Nervous System": Sensor Input Processing
Key Sensor Technologies
Microwave Radar (24GHz/60GHz)
- Function: Detects motion at 5–20m range (ideal for high-traffic areas)
- Challenge: Filtering interference from nearby metal objects (our solution: adaptive threshold algorithms)
Passive Infrared (PIR)
- Function: Thermal signature detection within 3–5m
- Optimization: Fresnel lens arrays to reduce false triggers from sunlight
Safety Laser Scanners
- Compliance: EN 16005-certified protective fields (e.g., 30cm height at 50cm from door)
- Innovation: Dynamic zone switching (adjusts sensitivity based on door position)
Signal Conditioning
- Noise suppression: PCB-level shielding + software median filtering
- Redundancy: Cross-validation of dual-sensor inputs to prevent failures
2. The "Brain": Control Logic Architectures
Processor Selection
| Chip Type | Use Case | Power Consumption | Cost Advantage |
| ARM Cortex-M4 | High-speed doors (2m/s+) | 120mA @ 72MHz | 15% cheaper than M7 |
| RISC-V SoC | IoT-enabled doors | 80mA (sleep mode) | Open-source ecosystem |
Real-Time Operating Systems (RTOS)
- FreeRTOS for basic doors (task scheduling <10ms)
- Zephyr OS for networked doors (built-in BLE/Wi-Fi stack)
3. The "Muscles": Actuation & Safety
Motor Control Techniques
BLDC Motors:
- Field-Oriented Control (FOC) for smooth acceleration
- Regenerative braking energy recovery (up to 12% efficiency gain)
Fail-Safe Mechanisms:
- Redundant encoders (dual-channel ABZ output verification)
- Torque limiting (<100N per EN 16005 anti-crush requirements)
4. Cutting-Edge Innovations
Edge AI Integration
- Person Detection: TinyML models (<50KB) running on ESP32-S3
- Predictive Maintenance: Vibration sensors + FFT analysis to warn of belt wear
Cybersecurity
- Secure boot with STM32U5 TrustZone
- Encrypted OTA updates for field deployments
Why Partner with Our PCBA Services?
✅ 20+ Years in industrial control systems
✅ Advanced fully automatic production line and inspection machines
✅ A strong engineering team evaluates the manufacturability of products and prevents problems from occurring
Need a customized control board? Contact our team today for a free consultation!
Email: frankyan@tecooems.com
Whatsapp: +8615067799396
Telephone: +8615067799396
